03393cam a22003977a 4500008004100000020001500041020001800056040000800074050002100082245030500103260005600408300001900464490003500483505035700518518001500875520139300890650006002283650005602343650006302399650005602462650003202518650003502550650003402585650004002619650003502659650001602694650002002710650002802730650001102758650001502769651000902784710004002793710003702833710003602870710008902906110820s2009    dcua     b    000 0 eng c  a0309137128  a9780309137126  aSDU00aTP343bL764 200900aLiquid transportation fuels from coal and biomass :btechnological status, costs, and environmental impacts /cAmerica's Energy Future Panel on Alternative Liquid Transportation Fuels, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, National Research Council of the National Acadamies.  aWashington, D.C. :bNational Academies Press,c2009  a370 p. :bill.0 aAmerica's energy future series0 aLiquid fuels for transportation -- Biomass resources for liquid transportation fuels -- Biochemical conversion of biomass -- Thermochemical conversion of coal and biomass -- Distribution -- Comparison of options and market penetration -- Overall findings and recommendations -- Key challenges to commercial deployment -- Other alternative fuel options.  aYT2025 M08  a"The transportation sector cannot continue on its current path: The volatility of oil prices threatens the U.S. economy, the large proportion of oil importation threatens U.S. energy security, and the massive contribution of greenhouse gases threatens the environment. The development of domestic sources of alternative transportation fuels with lower greenhouse emissions is now a national imperative. Coal and biomass are in abundant supply in the United States and can be converted to liquid fuels that can be combusted in existing and future vehicles. Their abundant supply makes them attractive candidates to provide non-oil-based liquid fuels to the U.S. transportation system. However, there are important questions about the economic viability, carbon impact, and technology status of these options. Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass provides a snapshot of the potential costs of liquid fuels from biomass by biochemical conversion and from biomass and coal by thermochemical conversion. Policy makers, investors, leaders in industry, the transportation sector, and others with a concern for the environment, economy, and energy security will look to this book as a roadmap to independence from foreign oil. With immediate action and sustained effort, alternative liquid fuels can be available in the 2020 time frame, if or when the nation needs them"--Back cover. 0aLiquid fuelsxTechnological innovationszUnited States. 0aLiquid fuelsxEnvironmental aspectszUnited States. 0aSynthetic fuelsxTechnological innovationszUnited States. 0aGasolinexTechnological innovationszUnited States. 0aMotor fuelszUnited States. 0aBiomass energyzUnited States. 0aEnergy policyzUnited States. 0aEnergy conservationzUnited States. 0aFuel switchingzUnited States.07aBioenergie.07aEnergiepolitik.07aFlüssiger Brennstoff.07aKohle.07aTransport. 7aUSA.2 aNational Academy of Sciences (U.S.)2 aNational Academy of Engineering.2 aNational Academies Press (U.S.)2 aNational Research Council (U.S.).bPanel on Alternative Liquid Transportation Fuels.